太极拳战斗机能组织的分析
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">现在我们对武术在实战散打搏斗中所具有外在主要机动能力的基本机能分析一下。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我先举出拳友们曾经向我提出的较有代表性的四个最基本性的问题，以供分析：</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、我们在实战应用时，不知道对方要出哪个拳，哪个腿，所以和敌人周旋起来，不论是进攻还是防守，都很盲目，也就是乱打，在逞皮肉之勇。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、对方招式很多，打斗起来，不知该怎么破招。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、平时所学的实用招法在打斗中用不上。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、对方的拳速度很快，很有力量，如何能抓得住，防得住，躲得开呢？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">以上这四个问题，都与对认识人体基本机能组织及运动规律有相当大的关系，因为他们没有了解清楚人体自然结构及其运动特点。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人有两臂，而具双手，又有两腿，而立两足，上下各二，自然生成，左右向居，阴阳互助，诚尽其责，同辅一主，欲进其身，必先涉足，足滞身滞，足灵身灵，足动身行，或前或后，或左或右，前后左右之举，不外两足所劳。纵者，步分先后，无论前进、后退，不外左弓右弓；横者，不外左跨右跨。人的移动主宰于步，步分五行，即：进、退、顾、盼和中定。五行者相生亦能相克，法虽万变，但迹象可寻，不离其宗。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">手分左右，亦作阴阳，意欲先领者为阳；后蓄为阴，左发右蓄，右发左蓄，阴阳交替，人体不论，纵横区分，亦详见阴阳。腿臂两性即两仪。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">两臂、两腿为四象，拳中所云：“四象即四正，四隅若现，八卦生成。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人体搏击不外四象，也称四形，即：左拳、右拳、左足、右足。四形再转变为四式，即散打搏击中之母式。如：</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 39.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">左顺式：左步左拳</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 39.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">右顺式：右步右拳</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 39.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">3、<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">左逆式：左步右拳</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 39.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">4、<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">右逆式：右步左拳</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">顺者为前后步，多为前后运动，纵横有机；逆者因机能所致，前后左右自我挟制，为之背式。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人就这么两条腿，很简单，不是左腿在前就是右腿在前，左右交换才能前进或后退。拳也是如此，想打人就得出拳，打出去的拳收回后才能出另一只拳，也是左右交替。这样，才符合运动常规。但也可双拳齐发，双拳齐发下盘一定不稳，下盘稳了会造成一个拳有劲，一个拳没劲，这是规律，大家可试验一下。即使掌握了这些还不够，还有一些战略战术的问题。关于战略战术的这些问题，我就不多谈了。因为前辈们留下了好多好多与这方面相关的资料。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武术散打中的进身和近身，是一大难问题。据我观察，现代的诸多门派中能将此技运用于搏击者很少。所谓拳家常谈：如今学拳的人越来越多，而懂拳的人却越来越少了。这方面的资料也不曾多见。不知是大师们根本不懂，还是保守，如是教习，会误人子弟的。总之，书不可盲目的读。放弃小我，寻得大我，才是真理。明其理，方能达其道。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“武术散打中的进身和近身，是一大难问题。据我观察，现代的诸多门派中能将此技运用于搏击者很少。所谓拳家常谈：如今学拳的人越来越多，而懂拳的人却越来越少了。这方面的资料也不曾多见。不知是大师们根本不懂，还是保守，如是教习，会误人子弟的。总之，书不可盲目的读。放弃小我，寻得大我，才是真理。明其理，方能达其道。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">怎么进身？如何近身？还望茶版指教一二。在下谢了。</span></p>
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